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href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../explanation/lxd_lxc/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxd</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lxc</span></code></a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../explanation/instances/">Containers and VMs</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../image-handling/">Local and remote images</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../explanation/storage/">Storage pools, volumes, and buckets</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../explanation/networks/">Networking setups</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/">The LXD Dqlite database</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../explanation/lxc_show_info/"><code class="docutils literal 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muted-link"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z"></path> </svg> <span>Back to top</span> </a> <div class="content-icon-container"> <div class="view-this-page"> <a class="muted-link" href="../_sources/dev-lxd.md.txt" title="View this page"> <svg><use href="#svg-eye"></use></svg> <span class="visually-hidden">View this page</span> </a> </div> <div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content"> <button class="theme-toggle"> <div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div> <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-light"><use href="#svg-sun-with-moon"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-dark"><use href="#svg-moon-with-sun"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg> <svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg> </button> </div> <label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc"> <div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div> <i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i> </label> </div> <article role="main" id="furo-main-content"> <section id="communication-between-instance-and-host"> <span id="dev-lxd"></span><h1>Communication between instance and host<a class="headerlink" href="#communication-between-instance-and-host" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1> <p class="youtube_link"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZSnqqWykmo" target="_blank"> <span title="The LXD instance API - YouTube" class="play_icon">▶</span> <span title="The LXD instance API - YouTube">Watch on YouTube</span> </a> </p><p>Communication between the hosted workload (instance) and its host while not strictly needed is a pretty useful feature.</p> <p>In LXD, this feature is implemented through a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code> node which is created and set up for all LXD instances.</p> <p>This file is a Unix socket which processes inside the instance can connect to. It’s multi-threaded so multiple clients can be connected at the same time.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> <p><a class="configref reference internal" href="../reference/instance_options/#instance-security:security.devlxd"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.devlxd</span></code></a> must be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">true</span></code> (which is the default) for an instance to allow access to the socket.</p> </div> <section id="implementation-details"> <h2>Implementation details<a class="headerlink" href="#implementation-details" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>LXD on the host binds <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/var/lib/lxd/devlxd/sock</span></code> and starts listening for new connections on it.</p> <p>This socket is then exposed into every single instance started by LXD at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code>.</p> <p>The single socket is required so we can exceed 4096 instances, otherwise, LXD would have to bind a different socket for every instance, quickly reaching the FD limit.</p> </section> <section id="authentication"> <h2>Authentication<a class="headerlink" href="#authentication" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>Queries on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code> will only return information related to the requesting instance. To figure out where a request comes from, LXD will extract the initial socket’s user credentials and compare that to the list of instances it manages.</p> </section> <section id="protocol"> <h2>Protocol<a class="headerlink" href="#protocol" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>The protocol on <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code> is plain-text HTTP with JSON messaging, so very similar to the local version of the LXD protocol.</p> <p>Unlike the main LXD API, there is no background operation and no authentication support in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code> API.</p> </section> <section id="rest-api"> <h2>REST-API<a class="headerlink" href="#rest-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <section id="api-structure"> <h3>API structure<a class="headerlink" href="#api-structure" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3> <ul class="simple"> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code></p> <ul> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0</span></code></p> <ul> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config</span></code></p> <ul> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config/{key}</span></code></p></li> </ul> </li> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/devices</span></code></p></li> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/events</span></code></p></li> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/images/{fingerprint}/export</span></code></p></li> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/meta-data</span></code></p></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </section> <section id="api-details"> <h3>API details<a class="headerlink" href="#api-details" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3> <section id="id1"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="get"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#get" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: List of supported APIs</p></li> <li><p>Return: list of supported API endpoint URLs (by default <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">['/1.0']</span></code>)</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"/1.0"</span> <span class="p">]</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="id2"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id3"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Information about the 1.0 API</p></li> <li><p>Return: JSON object</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"api_version"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"1.0"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"location"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"foo.example.com"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"instance_type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"container"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"state"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Started"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="patch"> <h4>PATCH<a class="headerlink" href="#patch" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Update instance state (valid states are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ready</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Started</span></code>)</p></li> <li><p>Return: none</p></li> </ul> <p>Input:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"state"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Ready"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> <section id="config"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#config" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id4"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: List of configuration keys</p></li> <li><p>Return: list of configuration keys URL</p></li> </ul> <p>Note that the configuration key names match those in the instance configuration, however not all configuration namespaces will be exported to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/lxd/sock</span></code>. Currently only the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cloud-init.*</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">user.*</span></code> keys are accessible to the instance.</p> <p>At this time, there also aren’t any instance-writable namespace.</p> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"/1.0/config/user.a"</span> <span class="p">]</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="config-key"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config/<KEY></span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#config-key" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id5"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Value of that key</p></li> <li><p>Return: Plain-text value</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>blah </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="devices"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/devices</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#devices" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id6"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Map of instance devices</p></li> <li><p>Return: JSON object</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"eth0"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"eth0"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"network"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"lxdbr0"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"nic"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"root"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"path"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"/"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"pool"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"default"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"disk"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="events"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/events</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#events" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id7"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: WebSocket upgrade</p></li> <li><p>Return: none (never ending flow of events)</p></li> </ul> <p>Supported arguments are:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>type: comma-separated list of notifications to subscribe to (defaults to all)</p></li> </ul> <p>The notification types are:</p> <ul class="simple"> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">config</span></code> (changes to any of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">user.*</span></code> configuration keys)</p></li> <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">device</span></code> (any device addition, change or removal)</p></li> </ul> <p>This never returns. Each notification is sent as a separate JSON object:</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"2017-12-21T18:28:26.846603815-05:00"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"device"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"metadata"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"kvm"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"action"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"added"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"config"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"unix-char"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"path"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"/dev/kvm"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"2017-12-21T18:28:26.846603815-05:00"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"config"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"metadata"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"key"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"user.foo"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"old_value"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"value"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"bar"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="images-fingerprint-export"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/images/<FINGERPRINT>/export</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#images-fingerprint-export" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id8"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Download a public/cached image from the host</p></li> <li><p>Return: raw image or error</p></li> <li><p>Access: Requires <a class="configref reference internal" href="../reference/instance_options/#instance-security:security.devlxd.images"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">security.devlxd.images</span></code></a> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">true</span></code></p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>See /1.0/images/<FINGERPRINT>/export in the daemon API. </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="meta-data"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/meta-data</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#meta-data" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id9"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Container meta-data compatible with cloud-init</p></li> <li><p>Return: cloud-init meta-data</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value:</p> <div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>instance-id: af6a01c7-f847-4688-a2a4-37fddd744625 local-hostname: abc </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="ubuntu-pro"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/ubuntu-pro</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu-pro" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="id10"> <h5>GET<a class="headerlink" href="#id10" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Get Ubuntu Pro guest attachment setting for the instance</p></li> <li><p>Return: JSON object</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"guest_attach"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"on"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <section id="ubuntu-pro-token"> <h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/ubuntu-pro/token</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu-pro-token" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4> <section id="post"> <h5>POST<a class="headerlink" href="#post" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h5> <ul class="simple"> <li><p>Description: Get an Ubuntu Pro guest attachment token</p></li> <li><p>Return: JSON object</p></li> </ul> <p>Return value</p> <div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"expires"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"2025-03-23T20:00:00-04:00"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"token"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"<RANDOM-STRING>"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"id"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"9f65c3d0-c326-491e-927f-9b062b6649a0"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> </section> </section> </section> </article> </div> <footer> <div class="related-pages"> <a class="next-page" href="../reference/manpages/"> <div class="page-info"> <div class="context"> <span>Next</span> </div> <div class="title">Man pages</div> </div> <svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg> </a> <a class="prev-page" href="../events/"> <svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg> <div class="page-info"> <div class="context"> <span>Previous</span> </div> <div class="title">Events</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="bottom-of-page"> <div class="left-details"> <div 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class="toc-drawer"> <div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll"> <div class="toc-title-container"> <span class="toc-title"> Contents </span> </div> <div class="toc-tree-container"> <div class="toc-tree"> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Communication between instance and host</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#implementation-details">Implementation details</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#authentication">Authentication</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#protocol">Protocol</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#rest-api">REST-API</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#api-structure">API structure</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#api-details">API details</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#get">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id2"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#patch">PATCH</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#config"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id4">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#config-key"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/config/<KEY></span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#devices"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/devices</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id6">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#events"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/events</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id7">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#images-fingerprint-export"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/images/<FINGERPRINT>/export</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id8">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#meta-data"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/meta-data</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id9">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#ubuntu-pro"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/ubuntu-pro</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#id10">GET</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#ubuntu-pro-token"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/1.0/ubuntu-pro/token</span></code></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#post">POST</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div><script src="../_static/jquery.js?v=5d32c60e"></script> <script src="../_static/_sphinx_javascript_frameworks_compat.js?v=2cd50e6c"></script> <script src="../_static/documentation_options.js?v=187304be"></script> <script src="../_static/doctools.js?v=9bcbadda"></script> <script src="../_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=dc90522c"></script> <script src="../_static/scripts/furo.js?v=5fa4622c"></script> <script src="../_static/clipboard.min.js?v=a7894cd8"></script> <script src="../_static/copybutton.js?v=f281be69"></script> <script src="../_static/config-options.js"></script> <script src="../_static/design-tabs.js?v=f930bc37"></script> <script src="../_static/header-nav.js?v=e117ad08"></script> <script src="../_static/footer.js?v=5acea47a"></script> <script src="../_static/github_issue_links.js?v=32bb732f"></script> <script> const github_url = 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